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PATENT J. PIERSON GRANT, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

COMPOUND FOR PAVEMENTS, DRAIN-PIPES, 80C.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,502, dated October 19. 1880.

Application filed July 16, 1880. (Specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J. PIERSON GRANT, of the city, county, and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Compound called Gondensated Concrete, for Drain -Pipes, Pavements, and other Purposes, which compound is fully described in the following specification.

This invention relates to a class of compounds to be used in the manufacture of sewer, drain, and water pipes or tubes, also pavements, floors, andinsulators or non-conductors of electricity in various forms; and it consists in a composition formed by mixing together the residue of distilled coal-tar, asphaltum, sulphur, rosin, oxide of iron or ironfilings, linseed-oil, and sand or gravel, which is to be pressed or driven into the molds'or spread and smoothed while hot or warm.

This concrete is formed by the following ingredients, and is proportioned as follows, viz: Fifty gallons of coal-tar, one hundred pounds of asphaltum, three pounds of sulphur, four pounds of rosin,twelve pounds of oxideof iron or iron-filings, one and one-half pound of linseed or cotton-seed oil, and clean dry sand or gravel about fourteen bushels, according to the consistency required.

To prepare this compound have a boiler of suitable size, which may be set in any of the usual Ways for heating boilers. Said boiler should have at its top part a pipe or worm of any desirable construction to answer the purpose, to carry out and over the gas and light oil that may arise from the heated coal-tar. There should be a large faucet or gate at or near the bottom of said boiler, through which to draw off the contents of said boil'er. There should also be a door or man-hole near the top, which may be made to shut tight to prevent the escape of gas, and through said opening the materials may be put into said boiler.

Into this boiler the coal-tar is first put and heated or distilled until the residue will bear the following test: Take out from the boiler some of the heated residue from the distilled coal-tar, cool it, then put into water and heat it to 110 Fahrenheit. Let it remain about twenty minutes. If it does not soften, then that in the boiler will be right for mixing. Then put the asphaltum into the large boiler with the heated residue of coal -tar. Then take some undistilled coal tar and put it into an iron vessel, raise the heat to about 180. Then put in the rosin, then the sulphur, then the oil, then the oxide of iron. Then raise the heat and stir constantly until all is well mixed. Then put this mixture into the large boiler and mix thoroughly with a longhandled mixing-tool. Then draw ol'fthis whole mixture into barrels or forms to cool.

When wanted to be made into pipe, pavements, insulators, or anything it may be required for, have a large iron pan or receptacle in which it can be heated and mixed. Then break up the last-named mixture, put it into the heating'pan, and raise the heat until the composition is quite thin. Mix in the sand or gravel to the desired consistency. Then, while hot, press or drive this compound into the molds, which may be of any desired form, or spread and roll it or trowel it smooth for pavements or floors.

This compound makes pipes or pavements that are impervious to water or moisture, and which are not affected by heat or gas in sewers and drains, which is very destructive to any and all drain and sewer pipe heretofore used.

This compound is a perfect non-conductor of electricity, and can be formed into various kinds or shapes for insulators or other purposes. It is not affected by frost, so that anything made of it will not break or crack or decompose by the action of frost. In making insulators and non-conductors of electricity, which may be variously used, I do not use iron-filings and use a smaller quantity of oxide of iron.

This compound, when laid in walks and pavements, will not crack by contraction and expansion by heat and cold. The expansion by the heat of the sun has no injurious effect. The heat only makes it a little more elastic.

This compound is not designed for, nor will it make, a limpid or flexible material when cooled.

Any of the different articles in this composition may be slightly varied in quantity without changing the invention.

I am aware that coal-tar, asphaltum, sulphur, mineral oxides, and sand or gravel have been used (at least some of them) in compounds for various purposes. Therefore I do not claim, broadly. the use of these articles, but claim the combination of the materials substantially as described and set forth.

5 Having thus described my condeusuted concrete and the manner of compounding and using it, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is- A compound composed of coal-tar, asphaltum, sulphur, oxideofirou oriron-filings, rosin, 1o linseed or cotton-seed oil, and sand or gravel, substantially as and for the purposes hereinabove described and set forth.

J. PIERSON GRANT.

Witnesses:

SAM. T110. SMITH, CHAS. W. ,SMITH. 

